Nanotechnology for All - Making Nano-structures (Talk 3)

How does one make nano-structures  - useful nano-devices.  Nature has been doing it for billions of years; we humans have just started to think about it.  Obviously, we shall learn from what is already there and get inspirations from nature's way of doing things.  But let us look at the general picture:

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It is obvious that our manufacturing top-down methods are wasteful and inefficient.  We have a lot to learn from nature's way doing nanotechnology.  As it happens, without realizing it, chemists have been using nanotechnology to produce new chemicals etc.